[MUSIC] Hello learners, we are still in the part of our third course of our specialization How to Start a Business, that has you developing a business concept statement or description. Specifically at the end of this lesson, you will be able to add a target market profile to your product statement or product description. As you recall, a business concept statement has four parts. The order is not critical, but the sequence we've suggested to you typically makes the most sense. A segment is a collection of people with similar demographic and psychographic traits, or behavioral tendencies. And also they have the same purchasing preferences with respect to some particular product or a service. A target market segment is a segment that is deemed to have the greatest need for the product, and also they are felt to be the most likely to be the first to buy. A market segment is a group of individuals that are felt to be very similar with respect to their characteristics in terms of how they might by the product. And certainly very similar in terms of the needs being addressed with respect to why they buy the product. A target market is that segment which is felt to have the greatest need for the product and to be most likely to buy first. The logic that underlies a market segment is that if one can spend enough time with any individual or organizational customer, then at some point, you would completely understand exactly what it would take to get that person to buy. You may not be able to do it, you may not be able to have the price low enough, you may not be able to provide all of the services. But at least you would know exactly what you would need to do to get that person to purchase. Unfortunately though, despite this great in depth understanding, a firm cannot profit from selling to one or two individuals. Thus, segments are formed around individuals who are almost like clones to that studied individual. Segments then balance the focus you need to gain insights and understanding as to why people buy, with the operational scale that you need, in order for the business to make a profit. A firm's product or service typically has several segments. But with a startup and its limited resources, it needs to focus on discovering and capturing just one. The one again, that has the most pain, that is going to have the highest motivation to purchase. Though it represents thousands, perhaps millions of individuals, a target market profile should take on a singular persona. There should be a demographic or a descriptive set of characteristics that allow that segment member to be identified, if you will. There should also be a psychographic, or personality set of characteristics that provide insights as to how the segment member thinks or feels with respect to a product or service category. In addition to demographic and psychographic characteristics, there should be behavioral data as well. This behavioral data provides insights as to how a segment member might use the product, what problem they're trying to solve, and what situations they find themselves in when they're trying to solve that problem. Finally, there should be preference data which indicates what segments are currently buying and what their purchase preferences currently are amongst products currently on the market. With these requirements in mind and based in some extent on her customer development efforts, my student developed the following target market profile for her cafe patrons. We have, if you will, Lee Jun Fan. Lee Jun Fan, note the name could be interpreted male or female, is a 22 year old Chinese national who is currently an undergraduate student in Michigan State University, majoring in Chemistry. Lee grew up In a rural area of China. But his family has fairly substantial means, based on America's standards in any case. Lee loves to travel and try new things, but is very close to his family. Lee has adjusted pretty well into the campus life here at MSU. But since Lee only gets home every 18 months or so, sometimes without warning, a deep feeling of homesickness is experienced, especially on Chinese holidays, when it is difficult to get supplies for the traditional celebration meals. Though recently moving into an apartment, Lee eats out about four times a week, and on at least one of those occasions seeks Chinese or Asian cuisine. My student has provided the four categories of information with respect to a target market profile. You see here, Lee, we know this person is Chinese, majors in chemistry, is an undergraduate at MSU, lives in an apartment. We have some psychographic information in terms of love of travel, love of trying new things, a deep sense of an attachment of home. We have some behavioral information in terms of the attempt to kind of get out, relieve the stress of studies, likes to eat out at least four times a week. And some preference information, that at least one in four of those eating out occasions prefers Chinese or Asian cuisine. So again, demographic, psychographic, behavioral, and preference. So in summary, the target market profile portion of the business concept statement balances customer relationship insights with commercial viability. Perhaps most important though is that a target market profile provides insights for what the potential customer requires for the product or service to be purchased by them. [MUSIC]