大家好 Hello, everyone! 今天我们开始学习课程的第三部分 Today, we will begin looking at the third chapter of this course 对高校的在线教育进行全方位的了解 and get a more complete picture of online education in colleges and universities. 第一节是国内高校的慕课建设 In the first lesson, we will talk about the development and application of MOOCs (Massive Open Online Courses), 和使用情况 as well as the creation of 以及慕课平台 MOOC platforms and 和慕课联盟的建设情况 alliances between Chinese colleges and universities. 2013年中国高校的慕课 In 2013, MOOCs began to develop rapidly 开始快速的发展 in Chinese colleges and universities. 很多的在线课程开始上线 A lot of courses were put online. 在这些庞大课程数量的背后 Behind the large number of MOOCs, 是每一位慕课教师 we can see every MOOC teacher's 对在线教育的理解与认可 understanding and recognition of online education. 他们对慕课制作的研究与实践 We can see their research and implementation of MOOCs, 对慕课应用于课堂教学 their bold attempts at applying them to classroom teaching, 开展混合式教学这样的大胆尝试 and we can see them carrying out blended teaching. 在这个过程当中涌现出来了 This process has witnessed the emergence of 一批优秀的 many excellent and famous 在线教育和研究的名家名师 teachers engaged in online education and relevant research. 所以我最初做这个东西 So at the beginning, 主要是想扩大这门课它的受益面 I did this for the purpose of making more students benefit from this course. 所以说我做了这个慕课以后 After I made an MOOC myself, 发现它的确起到了这样的作用 I found it indeed lived up to my expectations. 在这个过程中让我意识到 In this process, I realized that 其实这是让我重新去把 I was actually rethinking and reframing 自己讲了十几年的这门课 the course I had taught for a dozen years 站在另外的一个视角再重新去思考 from a totally different and 去重新去梳理 brand new perspective. 在这个过程中我也有很大的收获 I benefited a lot from this process. 利用慕课推动混合式教学 In the process of promoting blended teaching by means of MOOCs, 从根本上影响了自己的教学理念 the very foundation of my teaching philosophy has been influenced. 潜移默化之中 Gradually,Before I knew it, 我的课堂已经从以教师为中心 The centre of my class was centered transformed to on students 转变为以学生为中心 instead fromof teachers. 他们对我国在线教育的起步和探索 They have made their contributions to the introduction and exploration of 作出了贡献 online education in China 对在线教育的发展起到了表率作用 and played an exemplary role in the development of online education. 在这些大量课程 Behind tThe huge amount of courses 大量教师投入的背后 and that have been invested in by so many teachers’ commitment, 有着各个高校和国家的支持 is the supported ofby colleges, universities and the government. 比如2014年 For example, in 2014, 清华大学发布了 Tsinghua University issued 关于加强在线教育工作的若干意见 the "Suggestions on Strengthening Online Education Work." 提出把在线教育 They It proposed that online education 作为面向未来的战略进行部署 should be deployed as a future-oriented strategy, 有计划的分批的 and that high-grade online courses 推出高水平的在线课程 should be launched in planned batches. 在慕课建设方面学校提出了 Regarding the development of MOOCs, the university proposed 学校支持 院系负责 教师投入 a general guideline containing four aspects, namely, 和学生参与的总原则 university support, departmental supervision, teacher devotion and student participation. 学校支持说的是 University support refers to 学校提供整个在线教育的资金 平台 the university supporting the development of online education in all aspects, 技术 服务方方面面的支持 such as funds, platforms, technologies and services, 让教师没有顾虑地开展在线教育 thus allowing teachers to be free of worries when developing online education. 院系负责讲的是 Departmental supervision refers to 院系要对教师的慕课的学术 all departments providing support and supervision 进行支撑和把关 for teachers as they develop their teaching skills for MOOC teachings. 教师投入讲的是教师没有负担 Teacher devotion means that teachers are free of burden 全心地投入到慕课的建设当中 and are fully devoted to developing the MOOC. 学生参与讲的是 Student participation means thatrefers to 学生要使用 students using use MOOCs 并且给课程的建设提出反馈意见 and giving give their feedback on MOOC development. 在慕课实施的过程中 When implementing MOOCs, 清华大学还积极地探索制定了 Tsinghua University positively explored and set up 课程制作标准 the course-making standards 课程管理和平台建设规范 and the guidelines for course management and platform development. 努力地推动在线教育可持续发展 Tsinghua worked hard to promote the sustainable development of online education. 截止目前 Until now, 清华大学已经开设了近300门的慕课 Tsinghua University has opened nearly 300 MOOCs 在校内教学中有几千门的课程 and carried out trials of blended teaching on thousands of courses 试点了混合式教学 on thousands of courses involving blended teaching in classrooms. 清华的慕课和混合式教学 Their MOOCs and blended teaching 覆盖了几乎所有的院系和部处 have covered almost all departments, 几乎所有的在校学生都受益其中 and benefited almost all students at the university. 清华大学开发的雨课堂智慧教学工具 They have developed the smart teaching tool "Rain Classroom". 和小木书童学习伴侣 and the artificial intelligent co-learner "Xiaomu". 为校内外的慕课学习者 These two tools can provide a more comprehensive service 提供了更全面的一些服务 for MOOC learners both inside and outside the university. 清华大学利用在线教育 During the development of online education, Tsinghua University 积极开展创新 has made monumental strides in innovation and development. 2018年推出了公共管理认证证书项目 In 2018, they launched the Public Management Certificate Authentication 和数据科学认证证书项目 and Data Science Certificate Authentication programs. 在线认证证书项目 The online certificate authentication programs 在单门慕课的基础上 combine MOOCs of single the same discipline 形成了一个比较完整的课程体系 into a relatively complete course system, 各自有6到7门课组成 which consists of six or seven courses. 学习者在学习过程当中 So, during the learning process, 可以获得更好的学习支持 learners can get better academic support 也有一些线下的实习实践环节 and take part in offline internships and practical training. 获得了认证证书项目的学生 Students who have obtained authenticated certificates 在申请清华大学的研究生的时候 will be more competitive when applying 会得到特别的考虑 to the graduate school of Tsinghua University. 学生在入学后 After being enrolled, 他在线上学习的内容 students can go through certain procedures 经过一定的程序会被线下进行认可 to make their online learning recognized by the offline schools. 在清华大学之外 Besides Tsinghua University, 北京大学 复旦大学 上海交大 many other universities like Peking University, Fudan University, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 哈工大 武汉大学等学校 Harbin Institute of Technology and Wuhan University 也都相继出台了 have successively put forward 对在线教育的支持和鼓励政策 policies to support and encourage online education. 一些高校会在课程建设方面 Some colleges and universities will provide support for teachers 对教师进行支持 during the course development. 还有一些学校会在课程建设之后 Some even give out rewards to teachers 为老师们发放奖励 after the courses are completed. 厦门大学在2016年 In 2016, Xiamen University 启动了本科生全部课程上网工程 launched a project which aimed to turn undergraduate curriculums into online courses. 2017年组织评选了 In 2017, they selected 十大活跃在线课程 ten of the most-used online courses 和十大最受欢迎在线课程 and ten of the most popular ones. 2015年教育部发布了 In 2015, the Ministry of Education issued 关于加强高等学校在线开放课程 the "Suggestions on the Development, Application and Management of 建设应用与管理的意见 Open Online Courses in Colleges and Universities.". 在课程建设方面 During the course’s development, 教育部提出 the Ministry of Education proposed that 要建设一批优质的在线开放课程 a bunch of high-quality open online courses should be establised, 认定一批国家精品在线开放课程 and that some open online courses should be given “national excellence” status. 在平台建设方面 During the platform’s creation, 教育部提出 the Ministry of Education proposed that 要建设在线开放课程的公共服务平台 a public service platform should be created for open online courses. 对于课程的使用与管理 During the application and management of these courses, 教育部提出 the Ministry of Education proposed that 要促进在线开放课程的广泛使用 the extensive use of open online courses should be promoted, 规范在线开放课程的 and that their introduction and international promotion 对外推广与引进 should be standardized. 同时教育部提出 Meanwhile, the Ministry of Education proposed that 要加强对在线教育师资 the training of teachers and technical staff 和技术人员的培训 in online education should be intensified. 推进在线开放课程的学分认定 They also proposed that the establishment of credit recognition 与学分管理制度 and management systems of open online courses should be promoted. 这个意见的出台 This strongly driven idea 有力地推进了 regarding the development 适合我国国情的在线开放课程 of open online courses and platforms that 和平台的建设 suits China's actual conditions, 促进了慕课的应用 has improved the application of MOOCs 加强了在线教育工作的 and strengthened the overall organization and management of 整体组织和管理 online education work. 2018年1月 In January 2018, 教育部举办了 the Ministry of Education held 在线开放课程建设与应用推进会 the “Conference for Promoting the Construction and Application of Open Online Courses” 发布了首批490门的 and released the first 490 国家精品在线开放课程 national excellentce open online courses. 国家精品在线开放课程认定工作 The evaluation of national excellentce open online courses 会在今后的每年都持续展开 will be conducted once every year. 到2020年 By 2020, 要认定3000门国家精品在线开放课程 there will be 3,000 open online courses with national excellence status. 在各方面因素的共同推动下 Due to its support from all parties, 我国在线教育如火如荼地开展起来 Chinese online education has moved forward vigorously. 大量优质的在线课程资源上线 A large number of high-quality online courses have been put into use. 一方面为校内进行混合式教学 On one hand, they greatly facilitate blended teaching 提供了很大的便利 in colleges and universities 为高校之间的课程共享学分认定 and lay a foundation for these schools' 奠定了基础 course sharing and credit recognition. 另外一方面也为社会学习者 On the other hand, they provide off-campus learners 提供了终身学习的方案 with options for life-long learning.
